Horizontal warm air furnace



R Mm Ns R EE O n V W W @Il R wm wilg A .In Nl ma m: mm u /JM www wf N L.. mm www@ N: |l|l| Nlnm m mm m A C Sept. 3, 1957 c. s. BESSER HORIZONTAL WARM AIR FURNACR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Deo. 17, 1952 Sept. 3, 1957 c. s. BESSER HORIZONTAL WARM AIR FURNACE 2 Sheets-Sheei 2 Filed Dec. 17, 1952 INVENTOR.- CHARLES S. BESSER.

ATTORNEYS ,HORIZONTAL WARM AlR @harles lS. jBesser, Charlotte, C., assignor to Besser Metal Products -Corporation, Charlotte, E., a corporation of'North Carolina ApplicationDecember 17,;.1952,SelialNo. 526,529

2 Claims. (Cl. 1216-110) "Ihis invention relates to warm Aair furnaces andi-noie .especially to furnaces which use toil .or kgasforzfuel .and .havetfansor-.blowers for circulatingzairithrough thehouse.

The ,primary .object Vof -this invention isrto provide 4a horizontal furnace Adesigned lprincipally for :under-ffloor .installation in lsmall homes and wherein :the combustion chamber, heating chamber ,and the 'blower Vare :axially `alined. to1provide a compact ,'heatingiunitztherebyobviating `the fn'ecessity.ofautility-room or basement beingzprovided in the house. Also, such a heating unit or furnace imay .besuspended from.the ceiling of azbasement'fto thereby .provide additional Storage space in the basement 'which would ordinarily be taken up bythe .typeoffurnaceiwhic'h rests-upon .the floor.

More specifically, Y:it -is an .object of .thisjnventionito provide :xa furnacecomprising afcasing enclosingzanelon- ,gated .warm :air distributing chamber orcompartment :to one end of which the usual duct system-maybeconnected .and .theothenend of which haspa blowergconnectedthereto. .A housings-disposedinsaid warm air-distributingchamber .hasare box or combustion chamber v,thereinipositioned ;in axial :alinement with aheating chamber. The heating `chamber.istclisposed adjacent the.-blower:and stclosedat :its end.adjacent saidiblower whereby:thefheatedggaseszfrom ,the .combustion chamber or #fire box travel ttowardihe blower while .the blower Ycauses -the ,air exteriorlygof the jacketedheating chamber Aandtheflire box-.to flow rin the ,oppositedirection.toward the warm airdischarge endiof the furnace.

1t is still another object of V.this invention to @provide a furnace of the :character Vdescribedwherein ia h llow warmiair .radiatorof tubular construction extends longitudinally of :andis spacedfrom ;andsubstantiallyencircles vthe jacketed heating chamber. Conduits are provided, at .the end .fof .the jacketedheating chamber .adjacente blower, v,for .directing .the heated gases ifrom ithe :heating .chamber to the radiator `whereby.tl1eblowerawillherfurther enabled to efficiently distribute and force thefheated .air out .of .theexhaust-end-of theffurnace andfintoatheiduc system.

lt Aisstill .another object of this .invention to ;pr,ovide .a

`furnace ,of :the character `describedrwherein lthe heating i chamber `.is provided '-.with axially Y spaced Ytransverse #baille lplates ,wherein adjacent baffle `:PlateseXtend tinwardly from 1 ,opposite sides ofthe heating. chamber Vto therebyinterrupt the allow of .the .heatedvgases or productsofcombustion v' from .the combustion Achamber through the .jacketedheat- States Patent O ice '2 .the main floor joists ofa house and resting xupon .blocks tembedded intheearth beneath fthe house;

fFigure Zi's attopplan view ofthe improved horizontal lfurnace;

Figure 3 .isfa viewlooking at `the left-.hand or discharge end ofthe furnace shown in rFigure :1;

`Figure 4 is aftransverse vertical .sectional yiewtaken substantially along `the line 4 4 in Figure .2 showing, gparticularly, y:the-curved tubular radiator surrnounting ,the V.jacket :orthousingof ythe `heating chamber;

Figure 5 is an enlarged longitudinal-vertical sectional view through the improved horizontal'tfurnac'e, but lshowing. a substantial .portion .of the blower .in .,elevation;

vl-igure 6 `is .a Alongitudinal lsectional plan yview ftaken .substantially along the line .6-6 .in Figure 5 .with the ,outer ,portion of fthe /blower type :oil :burner broken ,aWaY.

.Referring more specifically .to the drawings, the .numeral 10 ,broadly designates an .elongated .tubular'casing vwhich ,is.s ubstantially rectangular i-11;crosssec,tion and -i'n whichthe rvarious-parts of ;the:furnace are adapted tto be mounted. The -casing l10 comprises atop -fwall 51'1, a -botvtomfwall 12, afront wall 13, a right-hand side `wall ,14 and ..21 left-.hand side .wall'15. Thetop. and bottomzwallssll., 12, andtthe side walls 1.4, 15, are allofsubstantiallycthefsame length. However, the rear-portion of the :sidevwall 1.4 is formed .with `anopening ,therein which nis closed by :a .removable plate orcoverl suspended: on pins-1,7-` carried V,bythe side wall15. f

The .frightfhand or .rear :end Aof the casing ,lllris :open .to ,form acoldfair finlet ,orwairingressopenirrglSf-and .the .front `wall .13 is providedwith :a flanged openingfZO-Which `i's adapted .to have. connectedzthereto :a Y,suitable-.ductwork or duct system a fragmentary portionA of whichisindicated ,.-at .21. It .will be .observed ,inligurevl f that :the ,improved iurnacemay be installed lin relatively ;conlnedareas,-such .as .betweenihe main .or .first oorof a buildingand the Ashallow excavated earth therebeneath. 'Ehe -flcor Iis rindi- ^`cate dat.f-`.ar1d said door i's supported on-oor j oists ,25. The level of the earth beneath the oor F is indicated atE.

:In this instance, the furnace is I`shown resti-ng upon .the ,ground or blocks .embedded therein, Ithe blocks :being .indicated :at ,26. However, tit is to be .understood that 'the :furnacemayfalso be suspendedffrom 4the floor F byf suitable straps, not shown, .iny the :event thatfsaid 4furnaceis posi- .tioned in. a` cellar: or basement of -.a.house.

.The bottom wall -12.ioff the casing =10 is provided -withe ,pairof A longitudinally extending reinforcing supports .27, 28 which are disposed.. closely adjacent?opposite-sidefedges of the bottom wall 12 andfextend-substantiallyxthe entire `leugthrof .the bottom wai-11.12. .Thesefsupports ,-27, ,248,may .resten suitable .transverse ,frame :members 3.1 t-which, vin turn, restron the spaced blocks26.

Suit-ably vsecuredto andspanning the-,distance between thetop iand `bottom-.walls v1.1-and112 ,and the side wall-5:14 -and 11S .is a funnel-.shaped .partition 35 `'which .is-.provided with. an opening .therein to which the t openend of la 'fan housing .36 of- `a :blower -B .is4 communicativelyf connected. Thelblower yB .may be of any desired `constructionfandis .ilhitstratedasa `centrifugaltype-ofl blower in-which va rotary `fan 37 is zmounted. The rotaryfan @37.isiixed. on a :shaft 40suitab ly,journaled in thehousing 36 andthe side-.of the housing has .an airingress opening fr41 -in AYeach side 1hereof (Figure 6.)

g'lhefan` 37 maybe drivenin any desired mannerand, in thisinstance, one endfof theshfaftf40 has a-,pulleyAZ fixed ,thereon .which .is :driven by. a -belt 143 also .mounted .on,-a.,pnlle.y'y 4.4. .Theipulley144 ,istxedon the .shaft-45 ofianelectricimOtor .46 suitablysecured .tothe .rear sur- 'face -ot the blower housing 36. The electric motorfl preferably ther-mostatically `controlled `and Y, has .an l.electrical cable '50 extending therefrom inv which .wires v51. and52 lare disposed.

The end of the cable 50 remote from the electric motor 46 is connected to a combination junction box and master switch 53 from whence electrical cables 54, 55 and '56 extend. Cable 54 extends to a blower 57 of a gun type or blower type oil or gas burner 60 of conventional construction. The cable 55 extends to a fan and limit switch 61 having `a thermal responsive element 61a extending therefrom through side wall 14 and into `a chamber 72, to be later described, and the `cable 56 extends to =a s0- called thermostatic stack switch 62. Y

An electrical cable 63 extends from the thermostatic stack switch 62 to a room thermostat, not shown, and a cable 64 extends from the master switch 53 to a plug 65 adapted to be connected to a 'suitable source of` electrical energy, not shown. Y v

Since the electrical connections for the electric motor 46 of the blower B and the various other electrical parts of the furnace are well known and constitute a conventional furnace control system of a type ydistributed yby Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co., Minneapolis, Minnesota, details `of the electrical connections for operating the blower motor 46 and the blower 57 of the burner 60 and a further description thereof, are deemed unnecessary.

Liquid or gas fuel is circulated through a conventional pump 58 of the burner 60 by pipes 59, 59a connected to a suitable source of supply, not shown. The blower 'housing 36 is supported on suitable angle brackets or standards 67 suitably secured to the bottom wall.12 of the casing 10. yDisposed adjacent the air intake opening 18 is a pair of angularly disposed air filter units 68 and 69 supported on suitable cross members 70 spanning the distance between and being suitably secured to the side walls 14 and 15 of the casing 10. The funnel-shaped partition 35 defines the front end 4of ya blower chamber or compartment 71 and the rear end of a longitudinally extending air distributing chamber or compartment generally designated at 72.

The air distributing chamber 72 has a cylindrical Wall 73 of a housing 74 disposed therein and extending longitudinally thereof, which 4wall 73 may be rectangular in `cross-section, if desired. The housing 74 is spaced from the top wall 11, the bottom wall 12 and the side walls 14 and 15.

The front end of the housing 74 is closed'by a iiat 'tpl-ate or wall member 75 and the rear end thereof is closed by a conically formed plate or end wall member 76. The vfront portion of the interior of the cylindrical material and the inner surface of the front end wall 75 `'also has yan end wall 80 of refractory material disposed thereagainst and forming the end wall of a tire box or `combustion chamber generally designated at 81 in the `front portion of the housing 74.

wall 74 is coated with a cylindricalwall 77 of refractory chamber 82, however, it is preferable that the lower pormember is ofsuch outside diameter that, when it is posirial. Of course,'the housing 74 is then 11p-ended so that the end wall 75 rests upon the floor and the lower end of the cylindrical form member is spaced from the Wall 75 a distance equal to the desired thickness off the refract-ory material. A refractory material in mastic form Yis then poured between the form member and the inner surfaces of the cylindrical wall 73.and the end wall 75 Vand, after the refractory material has set or hardened sufiiciently, the form member is withdrawn from the re box V81. Thus, the refractory material is cast in thegelongated housing 74. Y Y The rear end of the combustion chamber 81 is open and the cylindrical wall 77 of combustion material terminates substantially midway of the length of the cylindrical wall 73 in the rear portion of the housing 74.

The heating chamber 82 is partially closed by staggered baie plates 83, 84 and, in this instance, the baie plate 83 engages the inner surface of the right-hand side of the wall 73 in Figure 4 and extends inwardly and terminates in Ispaced relation to the opposite or left-hand inner surface of the cylindrical wall 73.

On the other hand, the baffle plate 84 extends from the inner left-hand surface of the cylindrical Wall 73 and terminates in substantially spaced relation to the right- -hand inner surface of the cylindrical wall 73. It will be noted that the free edges of the bathe plates 83, 84, that is, the edges thereof which are spaced from the cylindrical wall 73, are formed at angles relative to each other and whereby the lowermost corners of the free edges of the bathe plates 83, 84 are disposed in closer laterally spaced relationship than the uppermost corners of the Lfree edges thereof. This arrangement of the free edges of the baffle plates 83, 84 is desirable due to the tendency of the heat generated by the burner 60 to rise and it is therefore desirable to cause greater resistance to movement of the heated products of combustion adjacent the upper inner surface of the cylindrical wall 73 than :at the lower inner surface thereof.

It `will be noted that the burner 60 extends through the wall 14 of the casing and penetrates one side of the cylindrical wall 73 and the cylindrical wall 77 of refractory material so the nozzle end thereof is disposed within the combustion chamber 81. Thus, the flame from the nozzle of the burner 60 is projected into the heating chamber 81 of the re tbox defined by the refractory Walls 77 and 80. Thus, some of the heat generated by the ame in the iire box or combustion chamber 81 is transmitted through the walls 74, 77 and 80 to the warm air distributing chamber 72.

However, most of the gaseous products of combustion 4are forced rearwardly, due to the blower 57 associated with the burner 60, Iand caused to travel in the direction of the arrows in Figure 6 into the heating chamber 82 and past the baiiie plates 83, 84. A horseshoe shaped radiator surmounts that portion of the housing 74 defining the heating chamber 82, this radiator 90 being in the form of a rectangular tube in longitudinal crosssection and held in spaced relation from the outer surface of the housing 74 by a plurality of circularly spaced spacing mem-bers or radiator supports 91 disposed adjacent the front end of the radiator 90, there being three of the spacing members 91 shown in Figure 4.

The radiator 90 may entirely encircle the heating tion thereof is cut away whereby the radiator extends through an arc of approximately two-hundred seventy degrees. The radiator 90 may be of welded con-struction and the remote ends thereof `are closed as at 93 and 94. A

Suitable legs 95 and 96 support the respective front and rear ends of the housing 74, having the chambers 81 and 82 therein, in spaced relation above the bottom wall 12 of the casing 10 and it will be observed in Figures 4, 5

and 6 that the outer wall of the radiator 90 is spaced inz Wardly from the top wall 11 and the side Walls 14 and 15 of the casing 10. The rear portion of the radiator 90 is f supported in proper spaced relation to the portion of the housing 74 defining the heating chamber 82 vby means of ,j heat exchange pipes 95 which establish communication between the rear end of the heating chamber 82, at points between the baie plate 84 therein and the rear wall 76 thereof, and the interior of the curved tubular radiator 90, there being three of the pipes 95 shown in Figures 3 to 6, inclusive.

The outer wall of the curved tubular radiator 90 has a pair of diametrically opposed tubular thimblesY 97, connected thereto and communicating withthe interior of the radiator 90.-

Iswitch 62 has a heat responsive Vthermal element 103 extending therefrom and Vpenetrating the closure plate 101, the inner end thereof terminating in the. circular :pl-'ane of ytheradiator 90;

The thermal element 103 may be of conventional construction and is provided for the well known purpose of controlling the thermostatic stack switch 62 to energize the blower motor 46 after the burner 60 has heated the air in the radiator 90 to a predetermined temperature.

Accordingly, a detailed description and illustration thereof is deemed unnecessary. The thimble 100 extends outwardly through the side wall 15 of the casing 10 and has one end of a suitable stack 104 connected thereto. Now, if so desired, the stack 104 may be mounted on either of the tubular thimbles 97 or 100 and, of course, when the stack 104 is mounted on the thimble 97, the closure plate 101 with the thermostatic stack switch 62 and the thermal responsive element 103 may be mounted on the outer end of the tubular thimble 100.

The refractory wall 77 of the combustion chamber 81 and the cylindrical wall 73 of the housing 74 are provided with coinciding openings 106 (Figure 6) and the inner end of a horizontally disposed tubular access member 107 is connected to the cylindrical wall 74 for communication with the openings 106. The tubular access member 107 extends outwardly and penetrates the side wall 14 and is closed by a removable llanged closure member 110 which has a peep opening 111 therein (Figure 1) and which is normally closed by a pivoted pendulum type lid 112 pivotally supported, as at 113, on the access member closure plate 110.

It will be best observed in Figure 4 that the inner surfaces of the top wall 11 and the side walls 14 and 15 delining the air distributing chamber 72 have suitable heat insulating panels 114, 115, and 116, respectively, spaced inwardly therefrom and whose opposite longitudinal edges are bent inwardly and then ilanged outwardly, as at 117, the tlanges 117 being tack-welded or otherwise secured to the corresponding walls 11, 14 and 15 in order to space the panels 114, 115 and 116 therefrom.

It is thus seen that the blower 57 causes the gaseous products of combustion to move from the nozzle 60 in the combustion chamber 81 rearwardly or toward the blower B. As the gases move toward the rear wall 76 of the heating chamber 82, the baille plates 83, 84 offer resistance to the movement of the gases with the result that a substantial proportion of the heat is transmitted to the portion of the cylindrical wall 73 deiining the heating chamber 82 and radiates therefrom into the air distribution chamber 72. However, the heated gases, which have been cooled somewhat due to radiation through the wall 73 defining the heating chamber S2, pass through the pipes 95 into the radiator 90 and the heated gases are further cooled as the heat is transmitted through the walls of the radiator 90 to heat the air in the air distribution chamber 72. The gases created by the combustion of fuel in the burner 60 are then discharged through the tubular thimble ..100 and the stack 104.

Now, as the air around the housing 74 and the radiator `90 is heated, the blower B is running and draws air through the intake opening 18, through the ilters 68 and 69 and forces the same into and through the air distribution chamber 72 and thus into the duct system 21 and is thus forced into the various rooms of the house. Since the radiator 90 is spaced from the portion of the Wall 73 defining the heating chamber 82 and is also spaced inwardly from the walls of the casing 10, it is thus seen that the air circulated by the blower B moves past the outer surfaces of the housing 74 and the outer and inner Walls of the radiator 90 thereby insuring efcient diste tributionroftthe--fair around thefcembustionchamber 81 and the heatingtchainber 182.

It is .thusseen that I have provided .a warmair circulating furnace wherein 'theheating chamber and t,t'hetcom- 'bustion chamber are axially alinedhorizontallyrand ,wherein the V.radiator "surmo'unt's the "heating chamber @B2 ,thereby `providing a `compact"h'ea`ting unit which 7may rbelmsta'lledin a minimum o'f space, such as between the main' floor F and the surface of the earth in a relatively shallow excavated area beneath the floor or which may be suspended from the ceiling of a basement and will leave sullicient space therebeneath for storage and for persons who may be in the basement or cellar of the house.

In the drawings and specification there has been set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention and although speciiic terms are employed, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation, the scope of the invention being defined in the claims.

I claim:

l. A warm air furnace comprising a horizontally elongated tubular casing provided with an air inlet opening at one end thereof and an air discharge opening at the other end thereof, a horizontally elongated cylindrical housing disposed within said casing and spaced from all of the side walls of said casing, said housing having a combustion chamber therein adjacent the air discharge opening, said housing also having a heating chamber therein communicating with the combustion chamber and being disposed in that end of the housing remote from the air discharge opening, at least a pair of spaced overlapping segmental baille plates secured to and extending alternately inwardly from the opposite lateral sides of said heating chamber, each of said baille plates extending through an arc of more than degrees at its juncture with the wall of said heating chamber, each of said baille plates having a portion spaced from the wall of the heating chamber, said baille plates being overlapped a greater amount at their upper portions than at their lower portions to form a sinuous passageway adjacent the bottom of said heating chamber, burner means extending into the combustion chamber to produce hot gases of combustion which move into the heating chamber, said baille plates retarding the movement of said gases and blower means disposed adjacent the air inlet opening for moving the air to be heated past the exterior of said housing and through the air discharge opening in substantially the opposite direction from that in which the gases produced by said burner move within the housing.

2. A warm air furnace comprising a horizontally extending cylindrical housing having a combustion chamber in one end and a heating chamber in the other end communicatively connected with the combustion chamber, at least a pair of spaced overlapping segmental baille plates secured to and extending alternately inwardly from the opposite lateral sides of said heating chamber, each of said baille plates extending through an arc of more than 180 degrees at its juncture with the wall of said heating chamber, each of said bathe plates having a p0rtion spaced from the wall of the heating chamber, said baille plates being overlapped a greater amount at their upper portions than at their lower portions to form a sinuous passageway adjacent the bottom of said heating chamber, burner means extending into said combustion chamber to produce hot gases of combustion which are retarded by the baille plates as they move into the heating chamber, exhaust means for said gases at the end` of the heating chamber remote from the combustion chamber and a blower disposed exteriorly of said housing at the end of the heating chamber remote from the combustion chamber for blowing air to be heated around the housing in a direction opposite to the direction of movement of the hot gases within said housing.

(References on following page) 7 References Cited in the le of patent'` V,UNITED .STATES PATENTS Alger V Ian. 24, 1893 V.5

Selden A .1.. `Sept. 12, 1916 Ferruse Oct. 27, 1925 Scott Feb, 11, 1941 8 'Turnbull "Otl 14,` 1941 Hare Nov. 24, 1942 Weyenberg Aug. 21, 1945 De Lancey '1 Feb. 21, 1950 Rui Oct. 30, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS 

